Human papillomavirus and related diseases, summary report 2019. Pdf human papillomavirus hpv is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Human papillomavirus hpv is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract that most men and women who are sexually active will acquire at some point in their lives. Presentations october 2017 day 1publication date from document properties. Detection of human papillomavirus l1 gene dna fragments in.
Still, some types of hpv affect the mouth and throat. The awarded discovery of human papilloma virus causing cervical cancer. Human papilloma virus hpv human papillomavirus hpv is a common sexually transmitted infection sti. The natural history of human papillomavirus infection. Human papillomavirus hpv fact sheet background information human papillomavirus l hpv is the name of a group of viruses that include more than 80 different types associated with a variety of epidermal warts and skin lesions, some of which are associated.
Small dna virus more than 150 types first vaccine was licensed in 2006 human papillomavirus hpv disease. Pdf biology and natural history of human papillomavirus infection. More than 100 types of human papillomaviruses hpvs have been identified and approximately half of them infect the genital tract. Human papillomavirus infection is an infection bi human papillomavirus hpv. Some types of hpv may cause symptoms like genital warts. Indeed, together they account for 7080% of cervical cancers, 4050% of vulval and oropharyngeal cancers and 7080% of anal cancers. The content here can be syndicated added to your web site. Hpv initiates host cell infection in the basal cell layer of the epithelium and cells in the epidermis skin cells. Maist hpv infections cause na symptoms an resolve spontaneously. In the anal and cervical region, a contribution of coinfections with ureaplasma spp. Prevalence and incidence of human papillomavirus hpv infection before and after pregnancy. Hpv is a virus that infects the deepest layer of the skin or genital surfaces epithelium. At any time there are approximately 79 million people in the u. The development and introduction of a vaccine designed to prevent the most prevalent highrisk hpv types is welcome.
The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infection and its. However, the complex interaction between viral particles and host, their genetic composition, and exposure to. Recent reports suggest that hpv may affect sperm parameters and lead to male infertility. The us centers for disease control and prevention cdc provides global technical assistance for implementation and evaluation of hpv vaccination pilot projects and programs and. Human papillomavirus hpv vaccines healthlinkbc file 101b. Two of these vaccines also target hpv types that can. Human papillomavirus hpv is a double stranded dna virus that infects squamous. Grading of scientific evidence immunogenicity of 2 vs. Hpv infection is also associated with other skin and mucosal lesions such as warts and benign papillomas. These lesions, depending on the site affected, increase the risk of cancer of the cervix, vulva. Health and human service s centers for isease control and prevention 1 why get vaccinated.
Immunology and vaccinepreventable diseases pink book. The precancerous lesions increase the risk o cancer o the cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, mooth, or thrait references. Human papillomavirus is considered to be one of the most important risk. It is estimated that, because the virus is easily transmitted by skintoskin genital contact, 80% of sexuallyactive college students will become infected with it before graduation. The e6 and e7 genes of the human papillomavirus type 16. Human papillomavirus an overview sciencedirect topics. About 90% of hpv infections cause no symptoms and resolve spontaneously within two years. Human papillomavirus hpv fact sheet background information human papillomavirus l hpv is the name of a group of viruses that include more than 80 different types associated with a variety of epidermal warts and skin lesions, some of which are associated with skin cancer. The human papilloma virus hpv is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the united states, with 14 million new cases each year. Human papillomavirus is a virus that can cause certain cancers and diseases in both males and females.
People who start hpv vaccination at 15 years of age and older should get the. If you would like this paper removed from our website, please contact us via our contact us page. The association between certain oncogenic highrisk. Human papillomavirus hpv is a common virus that infects both women and men. According to the cdc, there are more than 40 types of hpv, but most are cleared from the body by the immune system without causing any health problems. Hpv infections can cause certain types of cancers including. It can also cause cancer in the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils called oropharyngeal cancer. Human papillomavirusthe cause of human cervical cancer.
Human papillomavirus hpv is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states. In some fowk, an hpv infection persists an results in warts or precancerous lesions. Cdc activities for improving implementation of human. Hpv can cause cervical and other cancers including cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus. The human papillomavirus vaccine 3 beating cervical cancer the facts. Yes, i have read and understood the information given to me about vaccination, including risks and sideeffects. There are approximately 100 types of hpv, of which about 40 infect the genital area mccance, 2004. Most cervical cancers can be prevented by human papillomavirus hpv vaccination, screening, and timely treatment. On the relationship between human papilloma virus vaccine and autoimmune diseases. Hpv human papillomavirus vaccine can prevent infection with some types of human papillomavirus. Some types of hpv can cause illnesses such as genital warts or cervical cancer. About 80 percent of women will get at least one type of hpv at some point in their lifetime. Human papillomavirus infection hpv infection is an infection caused by the human papillomavirus hpv. Hpv is the most common sexually transmitted infection sti.
Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates are high, particularly in developing countries. Use of primary highrisk human papillomavirus testing for. It is routinely given at age 11 or 12, but it may be given beginning at age 9 years through age 26 years. Genital hpv infection cdc fact sheet human papillomavirus hpv is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states. Human papillomavirus hpv universal vaccination factsheet. The human papillomavirus hpv is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states, according to the centers for disease. Genital human papillomavirus hpv infection is estimated to be the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states. Certain highrisk hr types of human papillomavirus hpv can cause cervical cancer in women and penile cancer in men. Several hundred species of papillomaviruses, traditionally referred to as types, have been identified infecting all carefully inspected mammals, but also other vertebrates such as birds, snakes, turtles and fish. Hrhpv can also cause cancers of the oropharynx and anus in both sexes. In 1974 zur hausen published his first report at attempting to find hpv dna in cervical.
Identifying vaccination rates, barriers, and information gathering among college women ages 1826 a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree doctor of philosophy at virginia commonwealth university by timmerie fay cohen ms, rt r t, cmd master of science, virginia polytechnic institute and state university, 2007 bachelor of. In the context of the full viral genome, mutations in either the e6 or e7 open reading frame completely abrogated transformation of these cells. Human papillomavirus hpv is a virus, and the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states. Infection by most papillomavirus types, depending on the type. Bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine and the risk of.
Hpv human papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted virus. Human papillomavirus 175 11 human papillomavirus hpv is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the united states. Pdf human papilloma viruses hpv are the etiological agents of cervical and different anogenital malignancies. Viruslike particles vlps of human papillomavirus hpv are irregularly shaped 30 50 nm structures com posed of selfassembled hpv major capsid l1 protein pentamers manufactured by a dna recombinant tech nology 1,2. Parentguardian, please sign if you agreeto your child receiving human papillomavirus immunisation at school. The prevalence and risk of human papillomavirus infection. Some health effects caused by hpv can be prevented by the hpv vaccines. I understand that i am giving consent for three doses of. Human papillomavirus was uploaded by one our contributors and does not necessarily reflect how our professionals write our papers. Position paper may 2017 original english and french versions pdf 2.
A human papillomavirus hpv is a virus that infects the epidermis and mucous membranes. Papillomaviridae is an ancient taxonomic family of nonenveloped dna viruses, collectively known as papillomaviruses. Hpv is a common virus more than half of sexually active men and women are infected with hpv at some time. The approved human papillomavirus hpv vaccinesglaxosmithklines cervarix and merck sharp and dohmes gardasil and gardasil 9are considered safe and effective 1,2,3. Acip meeting human papillomavirus hpv vaccines update file type. Safety of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine administered routinely to females.
Abstract cervical cancer has been recognized as a rare outcome of a common, sexually transmitted infection whose. Pdf of the many types of human papillomavirus hpv, more than 30 infect the genital tract. Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in cervical carcinoma. Recent evidence suggests that the vaccines have significant and longlasting effects 12 years on cervical cancer 4, 5, better effectiveness when vaccinated below the age of 17, and are possibly able. Nononcogenic, or lowrisk hpv types, such as hpv types 6 and 11, can cause benign or lowgrade cervical cell changes, genital warts, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. The vaccines are approved by health canada, with hpv9. Hpv infection is associated with virtually all cervical cancers and a significant proportion of anogenital vulvar, vagina, penile, and anal and oropharyngeal cancers.
The relationship of cervical cancer and sexual behavior was suspected for more than 100 years and was established by epidemiologic studies in the 1960s. Human papillomavirus hpv human papillomavirus, or hpv, is the most common sexually transmitted infection sti in the united states. The human papillomavirus hpv is a relatively small nonenveloped virus that contains a doublestranded closed circular dna genome, associated with histonelike proteins and protected by a capsid formed by two late protei ns, l1 and l2. Although most hpv infections go away on their own, infections that dont go away persist can cause changes in the cells and lead to cancer. Pdf on jan 4, 2020, suzanne m garland and others published human papillomavirus find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Use of primary highrisk human papillomavirus testing for cervical cancer screening. However, in some cases, an hpv infection persists and results in either warts or precancerous lesions.
Most common sexually transmitted infection in the u. Pooled analysis of the control arms of efficacy trials of hpv1618 as04adjuvanted vaccine. Exposure to hpv can happen with any kind of adolescent experimentation that involves genital contact with someone who has hpv intercourse isnt necessary, but it is the most common way to get the virus. The early human papillomavirus type 16 genes that directly participate in the in vitro transformation of primary human keratinocytes have been defined. Epidemiological evaluation of human papillomavirus.
It is usually spread through vaginal, oral, or anal sex. Human papillomavirus hpv has been identified as the cause of approximately 5% of all cancers worldwide. Genotypespecific vlps for hpv16, 18, 11 and 6 are used as the active ingredient of a quadriva lent hpv vaccine gardasil. The human papillomavirus hpv is a nonenveloped, deoxyribonucleic acid dna virus. The relationship of cervical cancer and sexual behavior. Cancer often takes years, even decades, to develop after a person gets hpv. Human papillomavirus is a small, nonenveloped, doublestranded dna virus that is approximately 55 nm in diameter and a member of the papillomaviridae family.
The hpv vaccines protect against infection from certain types of human papillomavirus hpv that cause cancers of the anus, cervix, mouth and throat, penis, vagina and vulva as well as genital warts. Planning victoria human papillomavirus or hpv fact sheet. Human papillomavirus type and disease association cutaneous other types common warts handsfeet mucosal 40 types highrisk types 16,18, others lowgrade cervical abnormalities high grade abnormalities cancer precursors anogenital cancers lowrisk types 6, 11, others lowgrade cervical abnormalities genital warts. Pdf human papillomavirus and cervical cancer researchgate. The majority of all hpv infections resolve on their own. Epidemiological evaluation of human papillomavirus genotypes and their associations in multiple infections volume 147 raffaele del prete, luigi ronga, raffaella magrone, grazia addati, angela abbasciano, domenico di carlo, giuseppe miragliotta. Papillomavirus, human definition of papillomavirus.
588 634 674 951 70 518 788 1077 491 1284 1284 1400 207 1605 423 561 676 1007 53 978 1070 1173 1371 987 997 1443 1442 254 645 532 861 897 669 665 560 894 190 773 118 387 1237 1257